Triflupromazine

Triflupromazine is known as a phenthiazine. it works to reduce anxiety, hallucinations, emotional withdrawal, mood swings and other conditions such as phychotic disorders. Triflupromazine is also used to control nausea vomiting, hiccups, and pain.

Vesprin

Triflupromazine

Siquil

10

Abbott

Tablet

10 mg

India

Out of Stock.

Triflupromazine

I. Introduction

Historical Background and Discovery

Triflupromazine was first created in the 1950s as one of the emerging medications. Its development aimed to improve the symptoms of disorders, making it a significant contribution to psychopharmacology throughout history.

Classification and Chemical Structure

Triflupromazine falls under the category of medications known as phenothiazines. Its chemical structure sets it apart, consisting of three interconnected rings containing nitrogen and sulfur atoms.

II. Uses of Triflupromazine

Primary Indications: Why It's Prescribed

Triflupromazine is a type of phenothiazine drug that is used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. It can help reduce symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, anxiety, and emotional withdrawal.

References:

Triflupromazine: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank Online Trifluoperazine: MedlinePlus Drug Information Trifluoperazine: Side Effects, Dosage, Uses, and More - Healthline

Comparison with Other Antipsychotic Medications

1Triflupromazine: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank Online 2Triflupromazine - Wikipedia 3Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics: A Systematic Review | SpringerLink 4Risperidone: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank Online 5Aripiprazole vs Risperidone Head-to-Head Comparison in Early-Onset Schizophrenia: A 12-Month Randomized, Open-Label Trial | International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology | Oxford Academic

III. How Triflupromazine Works

Mechanism of Action

Triflupromazine primarily works by inhibiting the dopamine receptors in the brain specifically targeting the subtype. This helps to regulate dopaminergic activity that is often seen in individuals, with schizophrenia.

Impact on Neurotransmitters

In addition to dopamine, it also influences neurotransmitters such as serotonin, making it a versatile agent. This wide range of interactions with neurotransmitters contributes to its effectiveness.

Biological Effects and Neural Pathways Involved

Triflupromazine impacts neural pathways, specifically the mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways. These pathways play a role, in managing emotions and cognitive abilities, respectively.

IV. Off-Label Uses

Recognized Off-Label Treatments

1Triflupromazine: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank Online 2Off-Label Anti-Anxiety Medication: Types, Risks, and Safety - Psych Central 3Protocol for the management of psychiatric patients with psychomotor agitation in the emergency department | BMC Psychiatry | Full Text 4Recognition and management of agitation in acute mental health services: a qualitative study of nurses’ experiences | BMC Nursing | Full Text 5Pharmacological management of agitation in emergency settings | Emergency Medicine Journal

Evidence and Research Supporting Each Off-Label Use

1Triflupromazine: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank Online 2Triflupromazine - Wikipedia 3An extrapyramidal reaction to triflupromazine: case report. | Europe PMC 4Triflupromazine (vesprin®) in anaesthesia: a clinical evaluation | SpringerLink 5NCATS Inxight Drugs — TRIFLUPROMAZINE

Controversies and Concerns

While the use of medications for purposes, than their approved indications is frequently mentioned it raises concerns regarding ethical and legal implications particularly when adverse effects arise.

V. Dosage and Administration

Standard Dosing Guidelines

The recommended daily dosage for adults usually falls within the range of 15 to 40 mg, divided into daily doses. Adjusting the dosage based on an individual's response and tolerance levels is essential.

Adjustments for Specific Populations

Sometimes when it comes to groups like older people or individuals with kidney problems, it's often necessary to change the dosage. These adjustments are typically determined by looking at clearance and conducting tests on liver function.

Routes of Administration: Oral, Intramuscular, etc.

Triflupromazine comes in forms, such as tablets that can be taken orally and solutions that can be injected into the muscles. Each method has unique characteristics regarding how the drug is absorbed and its recommended uses in clinical settings.

Dosing Frequency and Timing

The usual practice for taking the medication involves splitting it into two or three doses spread out during the day. However, there might be cases where specific protocols differ from this general recommendation.

VI. Composition

Active and Inactive Ingredients

The main component, which is Triflupromazine, is responsible for the effects. On the other hand, the additional elements usually consist of substances, like lactose and magnesium stearate, used as fillers and binders.

Available Forms: Tablets, Solution, etc.

Triflupromazine is available in formats, including tablets for oral consumption and solutions for injection. These different options provide flexibility in meeting a range of requirements.

VII. Storage

The medication needs to be kept in a cool place at room temperature to ensure that it retains its effectiveness. It's essential to store it from any moisture or direct sunlight. Maintaining storage conditions is critical to the drug's pharmacological efficacy.

Stability and Shelf Life

Triflupromazine typically remains usable for around two to three years after it has been manufactured, as long as it is stored according to the recommended conditions.

Disposal Guidelines

To ensure the safety of the environment it is essential to dispose of unused medication following the guidelines provided by local authorities for pharmaceutical waste disposal.

VIII. Interactions

Drugs that Increase or Decrease Triflupromazine’s Effects

Some medicines, such as anticholinergics, can enhance the impact of Triflupromazine, while substances, like carbamazepine, might lower its effectiveness.

Potential Food and Alcohol Interactions

It is generally not recommended to mix Triflupromazine with alcohol or grapefruit juice because it may increase the risk of experiencing side effects.

Interactions with Herbal Supplements

Natural remedies such as St. Johns's Wort can interact with Triflupromazine, which can sometimes reduce its effectiveness in treating conditions.

IX. Side Effects

Common Side Effects: Prevalence and Severity

Some effects you may experience include feeling sleepy and having a dry mouth. Although they are usually not severe these effects can affect your well-being and may require some measures to alleviate the symptoms.

Less Frequent but Severe Side Effects

Rare but serious adverse effects such as dyskinesia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome necessitate prompt medical attention.

Long-term Risks and Side Effect Management

Extended use of this treatment may lead to the development of metabolic syndromes and cardiovascular complications. As a result, it is essential to evaluate its effectiveness and safety.

X. Warnings and Contraindications

Situations where Triflupromazine Should Not be Used

Triflupromazine should not be used in patients who have a known sensitivity to phenothiazines. It should also be avoided when the patient is in a coma or when there are high central nervous system depressants, like alcohol.

Conditions that May Exacerbate with Its Use

Triflupromazine could worsen existing health conditions such as Parkinson's and narrow-angle glaucoma. For instance, it may lead to increased blood pressure in individuals with hypertension, heightened motor symptoms in those with Parkinsons' Disease and potentially trigger acute episodes in individuals with narrow-angle glaucoma.

Pre-existing Diseases or Disorders of Concern

Individuals with liver problems, kidney issues or a past of seizures should use care and seek advice from a healthcare professional to develop a personalized treatment approach.

XI. Careful Administration

Monitoring Parameters While on Triflupromazine

Regularly monitoring parameters is crucial, including liver function tests such as AST, ALT, and bilirubin levels. Additionally, checking creatinine and BUN levels is essential to keep an eye on function. Lastly, a complete blood count should be conducted to assess hemoglobin levels, hematocrit levels, and white blood cell count.

Necessary Laboratory Tests and Screenings

To ensure the heart's health, they may also conduct ECG monitoring. Regularly check the eyes for any visual problems.

XII. Important Precautions

Potential Risks and How to Minimize Them

To minimize risks, it is recommended to refrain from engaging in tasks that demand mental attentiveness like driving until the individual has fully adjusted to the impact of the medication.

Necessary Lifestyle and Dietary Adjustments

To prevent crises and minimize the risk of CNS depression, it is advisable to follow a diet that is low in tyramine and limit alcohol intake.

XIII. Administration to Special Populations

Elderly: Risks, Benefits, and Dosing Adjustments

Pregnant Women and Nursing Mothers: Safety Profile, Teratogenic Effects, and Lactation Concerns

Triflupromazine is classified as Pregnancy Category C, which means it may pose risks. Breastfeeding mothers should refrain from taking this medication as it has the potential to be passed into breast milk.

Children: Efficacy, Safety, and Pediatric Dosing Guidelines

The use of Triflupromazine in children has not been extensively studied, so it is generally not recommended for patients due to safety and effectiveness concerns.

XIV. Overdosage

Symptoms and Signs of Overdose

Taking a dose of medication can lead to symptoms such as extreme drowsiness, difficulty breathing, and low blood pressure. It's crucial to seek medical assistance in such cases.

Management and Treatment Guidelines

The first steps in handling an overdose typically involve administering activated charcoal and providing treatment at a medical facility.

Prognosis and Recovery

With effective intervention, the outlook for recovering from an overdose is usually upbeat.

XV. Handling Precautions

Personal Protective Measures During Handling

It is recommended to wear gloves and a mask when working with Triflupromazine to avoid touching the skin or inhaling any particles.

Spill Management and Cleanup Procedures

If there is a spill it's really important to wear gear and use absorbent materials to control the spill. Make sure you dispose of everything correctly according to the regulations, for hazardous waste.

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