Metaflam, Meloxicam Chewable for Dogs

Introduction to Metaflam Chewable Tablets

Overview of Metaflam and its Classification as an NSAID

Metaflam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) formulated specifically for canine use. Its primary role lies in managing pain and inflammation associated with a wide range of musculoskeletal and postoperative conditions in dogs. As a veterinary analog of meloxicam, Metaflam delivers targeted therapeutic effects with a favorable safety profile.

Purpose of Meloxicam in Veterinary Medicine

Meloxicam, the active compound in Metaflam, is widely utilized for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. In veterinary settings, it is commonly prescribed for the relief of chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis as well as for acute inflammation resulting from surgery or injury.

Benefits of Chewable Administration for Canine Compliance

- Palatable flavoring enhances voluntary ingestion - Eliminates the stress of forceful administration - Enables accurate dosing with scored tablets - Improves adherence to long-term treatment plans

Composition and Active Ingredients of Metaflam

Active Ingredient: Meloxicam (Concentration per Tablet)

Each Metaflam chewable tablet contains a precise amount of meloxicam, typically available in strengths such as 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg, or 5.0 mg, allowing for tailored dosing based on body weight.

Inactive Excipients and Formulation Details

The formulation includes excipients designed for chewability and flavor, such as: - Lactose monohydrate - Microcrystalline cellulose - Beef flavoring agents (non-allergenic) - Sodium starch glycolate

Available Tablet Strengths and Flavoring Agents

Metaflam is produced in several dosages for veterinary flexibility. The tablets are often beef-flavored to increase palatability, making daily administration easier for both pets and owners.

Mechanism of Action: How Meloxicam Works in Dogs

Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) Enzyme Activity

Meloxicam selectively inhibits the COX-2 isoenzyme responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate inflammation and pain, sparing COX-1 to preserve gastric and renal function.

Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antipyretic Effects

- Suppresses production of inflammatory mediators - Alleviates soft tissue and joint pain - Reduces fever by modulating hypothalamic responses

Comparison to Other Veterinary NSAIDs

Compared to older NSAIDs like phenylbutazone or aspirin, meloxicam offers: - Greater COX-2 selectivity - Lower gastrointestinal risk - Better tolerability in long-term use

Approved Veterinary Uses of Metaflam Chewable Tablets

Relief of Inflammation and Pain Associated with Osteoarthritis

Metaflam is indicated for chronic conditions such as canine osteoarthritis, significantly reducing lameness, stiffness, and mobility limitations.

Post-Operative Pain Management (Orthopedic and Soft Tissue Surgery)

Used both preemptively and postoperatively, meloxicam minimizes surgical inflammation and discomfort, promoting faster recovery.

Management of Musculoskeletal Disorders

- Muscle strain - Tendonitis - Traumatic injuries

Acute and Chronic Conditions Involving Lameness and Stiffness

Suitable for both sudden-onset lameness and long-term degenerative joint disease, providing continuous relief with proper dosing.

Off-Label and Investigational Uses of Meloxicam in Dogs

Use in Dogs with Cancer-Related Pain

Meloxicam may be used off-label to manage bone or soft tissue cancer pain, especially in palliative care.

Use in Dental Pain Management

Following dental extractions or oral surgeries, meloxicam provides effective analgesia for acute pain.

Potential Application in Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)

Although not formally approved, meloxicam is often employed to reduce inflammation and spinal pain in cases of IVDD.

Considerations for Extra-Label Use Under Veterinary Supervision

- Requires careful risk-benefit analysis - Adjusted dosing based on underlying conditions - Must follow regulatory guidelines on extra-label veterinary drug use (ELDU)

Recommended Dosage and Administration Guidelines

Initial Dosing (Loading Dose) and Maintenance Dosing Strategy

Typically initiated with a loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.1 mg/kg once daily.

Weight-Based Dosage Recommendations (mg/kg)

- Dogs under 10 kg: individualized dosing via scored tablets - Larger dogs: full tablet strengths as per weight tiers

Frequency and Duration of Therapy

- Once daily oral administration - Duration depends on condition (e.g., post-op vs chronic arthritis)

Administration Tips: With or Without Food, Palatability

- Can be given with or without food - Chewable flavor eases direct administration - Encourage ingestion with treats or after meals

Important Precautions for Safe and Effective Use

Importance of Veterinary Assessment Prior to Initiation

Pre-treatment evaluation of liver and kidney function is essential to prevent adverse events.

Monitoring During Long-Term Therapy

- Periodic blood work (BUN, creatinine, ALT/AST) - Assessment of appetite, energy, and urination patterns

Use in Dogs with Hepatic or Renal Impairment

- Dosage adjustments may be required - Contraindicated in severe hepatic or renal insufficiency

Importance of Hydration and Regular Follow-Ups

Adequate hydration minimizes renal strain. Scheduled follow-ups help adjust dosing and monitor safety.

Common and Serious Side Effects of Metaflam in Dogs

Frequently Observed Side Effects

- Vomiting - Soft stool or diarrhea - Reduced appetite - Lethargy

Rare but Serious Adverse Reactions

- GI ulceration and bleeding - Acute kidney injury - Anaphylactoid reactions

Signs Requiring Immediate Veterinary Attention

- Blood in vomit or feces - Persistent vomiting - Jaundice or excessive thirst - Collapse or seizures

Reporting Adverse Events to Veterinary Authorities

Pet owners and veterinarians are encouraged to report reactions to pharmacovigilance databases for NSAIDs.

Drug Interactions and Concomitant Use Considerations

Interaction with Corticosteroids and Other NSAIDs

Co-administration increases the risk of gastrointestinal complications and should be strictly avoided.

Caution with Nephrotoxic Drugs or ACE Inhibitors

Concomitant use may exacerbate renal toxicity, particularly in volume-depleted dogs.

Synergistic or Antagonistic Effects with Other Medications

- Diuretics may reduce meloxicam clearance - Potential masking of pain symptoms when used with sedatives

Time Interval Required Between Different NSAID Therapies

A washout period of 5–7 days is typically advised before transitioning to or from another NSAID.

Contraindications: When Metaflam Should Not Be Used

Known Hypersensitivity to Meloxicam or Other NSAIDs

Dogs with a history of allergic reactions to NSAIDs must not receive Metaflam.

Pre-Existing GI Ulcers or Active Bleeding Disorders

Meloxicam can exacerbate gastrointestinal and coagulation issues, increasing the risk of severe outcomes.

Severe Renal, Hepatic, or Cardiac Dysfunction

Organ-compromised animals are more susceptible to NSAID-related toxicity and should be managed with alternative treatments.

Use in Dehydrated or Hypotensive Animals

Administration in dehydrated dogs can precipitate acute renal failure; rehydration is essential before starting therapy.

Warnings and Black Box Alerts for Veterinary Use

Risk of Gastrointestinal Perforation and Bleeding

Meloxicam, like all NSAIDs, carries the potential to cause serious gastrointestinal complications. These include mucosal erosion, ulceration, and in severe cases, gastrointestinal perforation with internal bleeding. The risk increases with long-term use, pre-existing GI conditions, or concurrent administration of corticosteroids.

Use Only Under Direct Veterinary Supervision

Veterinary oversight is critical during meloxicam therapy to ensure appropriate dosing, identify contraindications, and monitor for adverse effects. Regular clinical evaluations and laboratory tests are recommended for dogs receiving prolonged treatment.

Warning Against Use in Cats Unless Specifically Prescribed

Meloxicam has a narrow safety margin in felines. Its use in cats should be limited to specific veterinary indications and formulations approved for that species. Even a single overdose can be fatal in cats due to their limited ability to metabolize NSAIDs.

Careful Administration in Special Canine Populations

Use in Geriatric Dogs

Elderly dogs often exhibit reduced hepatic and renal clearance, increasing their susceptibility to NSAID toxicity. Age-related changes in body composition may also influence drug distribution and plasma concentrations.

• Lower initial dosages are recommended
• Close monitoring of kidney and liver function is essential
• Frequent re-evaluation of therapy necessity is advised

Use in Pregnant, Breeding, and Lactating Dogs

The safety of meloxicam in pregnant and nursing dogs has not been fully established. Prostaglandin inhibition may interfere with labor and embryonic development.

• Use only if the potential benefit outweighs the risk
• Avoid during late gestation unless medically indicated
• Monitor nursing puppies for signs of NSAID exposure

Use in Puppies and Juvenile Dogs

Data regarding meloxicam use in puppies under 6 months is limited. Their immature organ systems may impair drug metabolism and excretion.

• Avoid use in very young dogs unless clearly warranted
• Alternative analgesics may be more suitable
• Monitor growth and behavior closely during treatment

Overdose and Emergency Management

Symptoms of Overdose (GI Bleeding, Seizures, Renal Failure)

An overdose of meloxicam can result in significant toxicity, presenting as:

• Profuse vomiting, sometimes with blood
• Black or tarry stools (melena)
• Seizures or tremors
• Oliguria or anuria indicating acute kidney injury

Immediate Steps in Suspected Overdose Situations

- Contact a veterinarian or emergency animal poison control immediately - Discontinue the medication - Provide details on the dose ingested and time of ingestion

Decontamination and Supportive Care Protocols

Veterinary interventions may include:

• Induction of emesis if recent ingestion
• Activated charcoal to limit systemic absorption
• Intravenous fluids to support renal function
• Gastroprotective agents and anti-seizure medications as needed

Proper Storage and Shelf-Life Guidelines

Ideal Storage Temperature and Humidity Conditions

Store Metaflam chewable tablets at controlled room temperature (20°C–25°C / 68°F–77°F). Avoid high humidity and fluctuations in temperature that may compromise tablet stability.

Protection from Light and Moisture

Keep the product in its original blister packaging until use to shield it from light and moisture. Exposure to these elements may degrade the active ingredient.

Shelf-Life After Opening or Partial Tablet Use

Unused portions of tablets should be stored securely and used within the timeframe specified in the prescribing information, typically within a few days. Discard if the tablet shows signs of discoloration or crumbling.

Safe Disposal of Expired or Unused Tablets

Do not flush or dispose of veterinary drugs in household trash. Follow local pharmaceutical disposal guidelines or return to a veterinary clinic with drug take-back services.

Handling Precautions and Owner Instructions

Safe Handling by Pet Owners, Especially Children

Keep all medication out of reach of children. Although flavored for canine use, ingestion by humans—especially children—may result in toxicity or allergic reaction.

Hand Washing After Administration

Always wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling the tablet, particularly if it has been broken or crushed. Avoid touching eyes, mouth, or face during administration.

Avoiding Accidental Ingestion by Humans or Other Pets

- Do not leave tablets unattended or accessible to other animals - Store in a child-proof container - In case of accidental ingestion, contact poison control or seek immediate medical attention